Nurses, Knowledge and Attitude regarding Cervical Cancer Screening in Erbil City
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15218/ejnm.2023.01Keywords:
Nurses, Knowledge, Attitude, Cervical Cancer, Cervical ScreeningAbstract
Background and objectives: Cervical cancer occurs in the cells of the cervix and the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. Cervical cancer is a condition that can be prevented with the proper screening and prevention techniques. Healthcare practitioners with sufficient expertise, especially nurses, play a crucial role in enlightening the community about the need and availability of screening tests, so it is important to explore the knowledge and attitude of nurses about cervical cancer and screening. This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge and attitude of nurses towards cervical cancer screening and its associated factors in Erbil city
Methods: A quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Teaching Hospitals in Erbil City, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, from September 1st, 2021, to Septem-ber1st, 2022. Also, nonprobability (convince) sampling techniques were used for a sam-ple, which included 284 nurses. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews using a questionnaire designed by the investigator. Descriptive statistics SPSS version 25 was used, and statistics of frequencies, percentages, and inferential statistical analysis of Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used.
Results: Less than one-third (25.7%) of the study sample aged between 29–33 years, the majority (94.7%) were married, and less than half (49.30%) of them graduated with a technical diploma. More than one-third (38.7%) had 1–5 years of nursing experience. More than half (53.3%) of the participants achieved a good overall knowledge score and had a positive attitude (95.5%) toward cervical screening. The primary source for obtaining information regarding cervical cancer and screening was healthcare workers (37.6%), followed by medical textbooks (14.8%). There was a highly significant association between age and the overall knowledge of nurses regarding cervical screening (P-value = 0.007).
Conclusion: Kurdistan nurses have a good knowledge and a positive attitude regarding cervical cancer screening.
Metrics
References
Arbyn M, Weiderpass E, Bruni L,de Sanjosé S ,Saraiya M, Ferlay J et al. Estimates of incidence and mortality of cervical cancer in 2018: a worldwide analysis. The Lancet Glob-al Health. 2020 Feb 1; 8 (2):e191-203.
Momenimovahed Z, Salehiniya H. Incidence, mortality and risk factors of cervical cancer in the world. Biomedical Research and Ther-apy. 2017 Dec 8;4(12):1795-811.
Misra M, Tiwari V, Tripathi P. Awareness, Attitude and Practices Regarding Cervical Cancer Screening and Vaccination among North Indian Women Population. Journal of Biosciences and Medicines. 2020 Mar 5; 8(03):73.
Adegoke O, Kulasingam S, Virnig B. Cervical cancer trends in the United States: a 35-year population-based analysis. Journal of wom-en's health. 2012 Oct 1; 21(10):1031-7.
Torre LA, Bray F, Siegel RL, Ferlay J, Lortet‐Tieulent J, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics, 2012. CA: a cancer journal for clinicians. 2015 Mar; 65(2):87-108.
Torre LA, Islami F, Siegel RL, Ward EM, Jemal A. Global cancer in women: burden and trends. Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Biomarkers. 2017 Apr 1; 26(4):444-57.
Arbyn M, Rebolj M ,DeKok IM, Fender M, Becker N , O’Reilly M et al. The challenges of organising cervical screening programmes in the 15 old member states of the European Union. European Journal of Cancer. 2009 Oct 1; 45(15):2671-8.
Majid, E., Shaikh, M.A., Qazi, O.A., Khan, S., Majeed, I. and Bano, K., 2022. Awareness, screening, Practices and attitudes of cervical cancer among doctors and nursing staff working at a tertiary care center. Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association.
Othman RT, Abdul-Jabbar R, Saeed A, Sadiq S, Kittani HM, Mohammed SA, Rashid RM, Hussein NR. Cancer Incidence Rates in the Kurdistan Region/Iraq from. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention. 2011; 12:1261-4.
Rasul VH, Cheraghi MA, Moqadam ZB. Influencing factors on cervical cancer screening from the Kurdish women’s perspective: A qualitative study. Journal of medicine and life. 2015; 8(Spec Iss 2):47.
Abdelraof AM, Anwar MM, El Bahrawe RS. Assessment of the knowledge toward CancerCervix among Nurse Staff in Health CareFacilities in Beni-Suef City Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Medical Research. 2020 Jan 1; 1 (1):7-15.
Rasul VH, Cheraghi MA, Moqadam ZB. Influ-encing factors on cervical cancer screening from the Kurdish women’s perspective: A qualitative study. Journal of medicine and life. 2015; 8(Spec Iss 2):47.
Arulogun OS, Maxwell OO. Perception and utilization of cervical cancer screening ser-vices among female nurses in University Col-lege Hospital Ibadan Nigeria. Pan African Medical Journal. 2012; 11(1).
Ifemelumma CC, Anikwe CC, Okorochukwu BC, Onu FA, Obuna JA, Ejikeme BN et al. Cervical cancer screening: assessment of perception and utilization of services among health workers in low resource setting. Inter-national journal of reproductive medicine. 2019 Feb 3;2019.
Bint-e-Iftikhar R, Ahmed S, Begum B. Pap Smear: A Screening Test for Cervical Cancer. Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College. 2019 Feb 18;23(S-1):53-5.
Kosambiya RJ, Gohil A, Kamdar ZN, Patel P, Modi A. Knowledge attitude and practices about cervical cancer and screening among nurses of a tertiary care centre in Western India. National Journal Community Medicine 2018;9(6):391-5.
Singh E, Seth S, Rani V, Srivastava DK. Awareness of cervical cancer screening among nursing staff in a tertiary institution of rural India. Journal of gynecologic oncology. 2012 Jul 1;23(3):141-6.
Ayub N, Maqsud M, Tahseen H, Sharif M, Waris N, Rai AF. Knowledge and Awareness of Cervical Cancer and Screening Practices among Nurses at Lahore General Hospital Pakistan. Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International.2020 May(18)7-12
Shekhar S, Sharma C, Thakur S, Raina N. Cervical cancer screening: knowledge attitude and practices among nursing staff in a ter-tiary level teaching institution of rural India. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention. 2013;14(6):3641-5.
Desaraju A, Kodey PD. Knowledge attitude and practices of cervical cancer screening in health care providers in a teaching hospital. Journal of Dr. NTR University of Health Sciences, 2021 Jan 1;10(1):33.
Mahajan SM, Jadhay VS, Magare AR, Adchi-tre SA, Salve SB. Awareness and screening practices of cervical cancer among nursing.staff working in tertiary care hospital. Inter-national Journal Community Med Public Health.2017 Sep;4(10):3590-5
Getahun F,Addissie A, Negash S, Gebremi-chael G. Assessment of cervical cancer ser-vices and cervical cancer related knowledge of health service providers in public health facilities in Addis Ababa Ethiopia. BMC Re-search Notes. 2019 Dec;12(1):1-5.
Heena H, Durrani S, AlFayyad I, Riaz M,Tabasim R , Parvez G et al. Knowledge attitudes and practices towards cervical can-cer and screening amongst female healthcare professionals: a cross-sectional study. Journal of oncology. 2019 Oct 17;2019.
Urasa M, Darj E. Knowledge of cervical can-cer and screening practices of nurses at a regional hospital in Tanzania. African health sciences. 2011;11(1).
Sait KH. Knowledge attitudes and practices regarding cervical cancer screening among physicians in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia. Saudi Medical Journal. 2011 Nov 1;32(11):1155-60.
Devi SS, Babu VA, Kumari DA. Nursing staff awareness of cervical cancer and pap smear screening in a remote medical college hospital in South India. International Journal of Research in Health Science. 2014 Oct 31; 2:1085-90.
Goyal A Vaishnav G Shrivastava A Verma R Modi A. Knowledge attitude & practices about cervical cancer and screening among nursing staff in a teaching hospital. International Journal Medical Science Public Health. 2013 Apr 1;2(2):249-53.
Awodele O, Adeyomoye AA, Awodele DF, Kwashi V, Awodele IO, Dolapo DC.A study on cervical cancer screening amongst nurses in Lagos UniversityTeaching Hospital Lagos Nigeria. Journal of Cancer Education. 2011 Sep;26(3):497-504.
Siahpush M, Singh GK. Sociodemographic predictors of Pap test receipt, currency and knowledge among Australian women. Pre-ventive medicine. 2002 Oct 1; 35(4):362-8.
Sankaranarayanan R, Rajkumar R, Arrossi S, Theresa R, Esmy PO, Mahé C, Muwonge R, Parkin DM, Cherian J. Determinants of participation of women in a cervical cancer visual screening trial in rural south India. Cancer detection and prevention. 2003 Jan 1; 27(6):457-65.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Iman Fadhil Omar (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
