Erbil Journal of Nursing and Midwifery

Knowledge and Satisfaction for Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography at Surgical Specialty Hospital Cardiac Center in Erbil City

Chnar Salahaddin Qadir (Author) — Thu, 30 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Background and objectives: Patients' satisfaction is a vital indicator of the quality of health care. Nevertheless, current data on determinants of satisfaction in invasive procedures for the cardiac patients are deficient. Accordingly, this study aims to assess the knowledge and satisfaction level of patients who undergoing coronary angiography.
Methods: A descriptive/cross-sectional study design was carried out among 350 coronary heart disease patients who performed coronary angiography at the surgical specialty hospital cardiac center in Erbil City. The study begins from of January 2023 to the 7th of August 2023. The data was collected via using a questionnaire which included patients' characteristics data, knowledge about coronary angiography and patient satisfaction questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed via the frequency and percentages, mean and standard deviation, also the researcher used the Chi-square, independent t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) also binary logistic regression analyses were performed.
Results: Presented higher service satisfaction scores were found in younger patients, male, more educated, and with high monthly income respectively, The overall degree of satisfaction with coronary angiography care was 57.4 % while 42.6 % of the patients were dissatisfied with coronary angiography care, The factors affecting patient dissatisfaction were lack of patient trust (P-value =0.027, OR=0.499), not ensuring privacy during the pro-cedure (P-value 0.003, OR=0.447), unacceptable waiting time for admission (P-value <0.001, OR=5.857) and high costs procedure (P-value <0.001, OR=4.052).
Conclusion: More than half of patients are satisfied with coronary angiography care despite most of them having inadequate knowledge.

Non-pharmacologic Pain Management Knowledge and Barriers among Nurses in Erbil Hospitals

Ronak Nematala Hussain (Author) — Thu, 30 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Aim of the study: Pain management is a multidisciplinary approach for easing suffering and improving the patients’ quality of life and nurses play a significant role in providing pain assessment and treatment. Non-pharmacological pain management is any intervention intended to improve health or well-being that does not involve the use of any drugs or medicine. This study aimed to assess the nurses’ knowledge and their barriers regard-ing non-pharmacologic pain management.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at Hawler, Rizgary and Nanakaly teaching hospitals in medical and oncology wards on a non-probability purposive sample of 100 nurses who worked in the above wards. The data was collected from the end of December to the end of February 2020 through self-reports by nurses using a constructive single choice questionnaire. Each correctly answered item was recorded as 1 and the incorrect one as 0.
Results: The higher percentages of nurses, including males aged between (30-39) years, institute graduates, and experienced in jobs between (1-10) years. 69% of nurses have a moderate level of non-pharmacologic pain management, and, 47% of nurses have not applied non-pharmacological pain management in hospitals. Only 16% of them applied, and 37% sometimes applied, psychological and physical methods of non-pharmacologic pain management were more applied by 29% and 23% respectively by nurses than other methods. Nurses had many barriers to using non-pharmacological pain management, like nursing workload and lack of protocol for pain management.
Conclusion: This study concluded that the majority of nurses have a fair (moderate) level of knowledge about non-pharmacological pain management and applied by only 16 % of nurses. Nurses have many barriers to using non-pharmacological pain management.

Prevalence and Persistent Fatigue among Patients Post COVID-19 in Erbil City

Shagul Hasan Hussein, Ronak Nihmatala Hussain (Author) — Thu, 30 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Background and objectives: Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms, affecting more than 75% of people. It is a subjective lack of physical or mental energy. The goal of the study was to assess persistent fatigue among patients Post-COVID-19 in Erbil city.
Methods: A quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at a private clinic and home for patients in Erbil city. A nonprobability-purposive sample was selected for 300 Post-covid patients. Data was collected through interviews using a questionnaire, and a modified fatigue impact scale was used to assess patients’ fatigue in post-COVID-19.
Results: The results show that one third (31.7%) of the study samples were older than 50 years, and more than half (52.3%) were males, less than one third (28.3%) graduated from an institute, and more than one third (32.3%) were housewives. The majority of the samples (84.7%) lived in areas, and almost all the samples (81.7%) were married. Most of the samples (73.0%) without comorbidity disease about 75.3 were overweight, and the samples (83.0%) were not hospitalized during COVID-19, about more than half (67.0%) were not received oxygen. Less than half (46.3%) of the samples have physical fatigue, and more than half (63.7%) have mild mental fatigue. There was a significant association between fatigue and gender, hospitalization, and receiving oxygen during COVID-19 at P-value ≤ 0.05.
Conclusion: The study concluded that the participants have physical and mental fatigue and physical and mental fatigues are decreasing by increasing the duration of illness from the first to the sixth month. A significant difference was found between fatigue and the female gender.

Effect of Tracheostomy Care Training on Nurse’s Performance at Critical Care Units in Erbil City

Yousif Bakr Omar, Abdullah Faqiyazdin Ahmed (Author) — Thu, 30 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Background and objectives: Tracheostomy is one of the oldest known surgical procedures. Tracheostomy patients are at high risk for airway obstruction, impaired ventilation, and infection as well as other lethal complications. Skilled bedside nursing care can prevent these complications. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of progressive tracheostomy care practice on nurses and physiotherapists in the ICU and RCU in Erbil City-Iraq.

Methods: A quasi-experimental study was conducted at four Intensive Care Units (ICU) and Respiratory Care Unit (RCU) Hospitals (Hawler Teaching Hospital, East Emergency Hospital, West Emergency Hospital, and Lalav RCU Hospital) in Erbil City/Iraqi Kurdistan Region. Nurses and physiotherapists from hospitals were selected as the control group, and study group respectively. Nurses and physiotherapists were evaluated through the demographic data questionnaire and tracheostomy care (preparatory phase, performance phase, and follow-up phase) scale.

Results: A total of 90 nurses and physiotherapists (40 nurses and 5 physiotherapists from the interventional group and 38 nurses and 7 physiotherapists from the control group) participated. At the end of the study, there were significant improvements in tracheostomy care practice (P-value was 0.001).

Conclusion: Nurses and physiotherapists had incompetent practice regarding tracheostomy care (TC) in the ICU, and RCU and the nurses and physiotherapists who received progressive tracheostomy care procedure training had more knowledge and practice than those who did not attend this program. Attempts should focus on improving tracheostomy care in ICUs and RCUs and establish management guidelines.

Association of Belief and Experience of Insufficient Breast Milk Supply with Mothers’ Knowledge Regarding Breast Feeding

Nazera Tahseen Kareem, Hamdia Merkhan Ahmad (Author) — Thu, 30 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Background and objectives: Belief and experience of insufficient milk supply (IBMS) are important and modifiable factors for optimal breastfeeding. However, very few people know about maternal belief, experience about breast milk supply, and how it impacts breastfeeding practice. The aim of the study is to identify the prevalence and association between mothers’ belief and experience of insufficient breast milk supply with mother’s knowledge regarding breast feeding.

Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on (1,000) participants who took six months postpartum in the primary health care centers (PHCC) and Raparin Teaching Hospital for children (RTHC) in Erbil city /Iraq. Data were collected via direct interview. The question used in the interview were developed after a review of the relevant literature. Frequency, percentage, and Chi-square were used for the purpose of data analysis.

Results: In general, the study showed the prevalence of mothers' belief regarding insufficient breast milk supply was 59.8%. Also, the prevalence of a mother’s experience was 78.6%. Mothers who had a poor level of knowledge regarding breastfeeding got the highest percentage, 62.2%. However, it showed the highly significant association between mothers’ knowledge and mode of the last delivery with mothers’ belief of insufficient breast milk supply. Moreover, there was a highly significant association between mother’s experience with socio economic status.

Conclusion: The majority of the mothers had belief and experience of insufficient breast milk supply (IBMS). The current study showed a significant association between mothers’ belief with mother’s knowledge regarding the benefits of breastfeeding.

Attitudes of Pregnant Women towards Husband’s Attendance in Delivery Room in Erbil City

Mhadasa Farooq Saadi, Tiran Jamil Piro (Author) — Thu, 30 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Background and Objectives: Pregnancy is a beautiful and challenging time in a woman's life. A pregnant woman needs more care and support from her husband and family during this time because of physical and hormonal changes in her body. Husbands' attendance and support of women during labor can positively affect pregnant women and child’s health. The purpose of this study is to assess women’s attitudes towards the presence of their husbands during labor in Erbil city.

Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on pregnant women who visited primary health care and Maternity Teaching Hospital in Erbil city. Epi Info 7 was used to determine the sample size which Three hundred participants were the sample of the calculation. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 26 was used to analyze and organize the data thorough using frequency, percentage, and chi-square test.

Result: The study revealed that 62% of the participants were in the age group 20-30 years old. Most of the women obtained an elementary school certificate, with a percentage 23.3%. Most of the participants were urban residents, which was 81.3%. Regarding the income of the participants, the result indicated that most of them were in conditions sufficient for daily living, which was about 57.3%. Women expressed a good level of attitude towards husbands' attendance in the delivery room 80.3%.

Conclusion: This survey illustrated that most pregnant women agreed to the husband's attendance in the delivery room. Pregnant women needed their husbands during labor which is important in their life.

Impact of Self-Efficacy Intervention Program on Caregivers Adherence toward Home-based Care Children with Type I Diabetes Mellitus

Shevan Younis Othman, Shukir Saleem Hasan, Nadir Abdullah Garjees (Author) — Thu, 30 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Background and aims: Diabetes is a metabolic disorder associated with many complications; caregivers’ self-efficacy is essential for sustained home management. The study aimed to find out the effects of nursing intervention programs on caregivers’ self-efficacy regarding adhering to home-based management of child to type1 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: A quasi‐experimental study design on home-based nursing intervention was conducted and recruited 60 caregivers who took homecare for their diabetes type 1. The systematic sampling method was used to select the participants Who were divided into two groups (30 in an intervention group and 30 in a control group) and who were registered at the Gulan General Hospital in Akre / Duhok city of Iraqi Kurdistan region. Verbal consent was obtained. starting from 3rd of January to the end of 5th September 2022.The home-based lesions were adopted for 5 months, Mann-Whitney U test, and T-Test ware used to identify the comparison between the variables. A p-value of ≤ 0.05, considered statistically significant.

Results: There is no significant association between the control and study groups at the pretest before conducting the intervention program, while after conducting a home-based program for the intervention group, the results show that there was a highly significant difference between the pre and post test, the result reflects and successful program to change the self-efficacy of the caregivers from intervention, and it means a provided compared with the control group ( non-intervention group), at a p-value of ≤ 0.05.

Conclusion: The results show that the caregivers who participated in the program (Intervention group), were successfully adapted to the self-efficacy program. Applying the program to a wider range of caregivers, to adhere to the caregivers and improve their self -efficacy toward home-based management of type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Anxiety and Depression among Infertile Couples Undergoing Invitro Fertilization Treatment in Erbil City

Zhyan Hussen Khdhir, Abdulqader Hussein Hamad (Author) — Thu, 30 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Background and objectives: Infertility affects millions of couples worldwide and is a major public health problem. It is identified as a significant psychosocial crisis and a pathological state. The most prevalent psychological responses in infertile couples are anxiety and depression. This study aimed to assess the status of anxiety and depression symptoms in infertile couples attending IVF centers in Erbil City.

Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted in two private IVF centers for infertility diagnosis and treatment at Sardam and Hawler Private Hospitals in Erbil City, Kurdistan Region, from 1st September 2021 to 1st November 2022. A non-probability (convenience) sampling technique was used on 150 infertile couples. Data were collected through the interview method by using data collection tools including a socio-demographic part and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HADS).

Results: The results of the present study revealed that 58% of the participants were between the ages of 29-39 years old, and 23.7% of husbands had self-Jobs, whereas wives, (26 %) were housewives, and the highest percentage of husbands and wives (14%) and (15%) graduated from university. The family income of the majority of couples was ≥1000,000IQD per month. The highest proportion 35.7% were married between 6-10 years. Levels of anxiety in wives were (13.3% mild, 16% moderate, and 7.3% severe) compared with (11%, 11%, and 6%) levels of anxiety among husbands. Wives had 17.7% mild,6.3% moderate, and 3.7% severe depression compared with 18%,3%, and 3 % depression levels in husbands. Anxiety levels were higher in wives than in husbands but no significant difference was shown for depression.

Conclusion: The study found that infertile couples receiving IVF treatment had a higher proportion of anxiety and depression symptoms, which could have negative effects on treatment for couples seeking assisted conception. According to the study, couples' psychosocial intervention should be a key .......

Risk Factors Associated with Congenital Anomalies among Children Admitting Surgical Unit in Rapareen Pediatric Teaching Hospital in Erbil City

Chawarwan Saleem Abdullah, Shukir Saleem Hasan (Author) — Thu, 30 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Backgrounds and objectives: Congenital anomalies, which can affect how the body operates, are anatomical, functional, or metabolic abnormalities that develop during intrauterine life. The study aimed to identify risk factors associated with congenital anomalies among children who are admitting to the surgical unit at Rapareen Pediatric Teaching Hospital in Erbil city.

Methods: descriptive, case-control design was used to conduct this study. This study was conducted in Rapreen Pediatric Teaching Hospital in Erbil from 1st of July to 1st of October 2022. Non- probability purposive sample of 100 mothers with congenital anomalies children and admitted to the Surgical Unit and 100 mothers with other health condition children (control group) at Rapareen Pediatric Teaching Hospital were asked respectfully to participate in the study. Descriptive and frequency, Regression analytics was used for exploring the factors associated with congenital anomalies, Chi-square was used to find out the association between dependent and independent variables, and t-tests were used to identify the differences between case and control groups.

Results: the results show that that anemia in pregnancy, previous history of congenital anomalies, family history of congenital anomalies, Pesticide use, living near of mobile station, passive smoke, stress during pregnancy, didn't use folic acid, and drink of coffee during pregnancy had a very high statistical difference between case and control P-value <0.001, while Radiation exposure had a difference between case and control P-value of 0.045. That age of mothers and weight were factors which highly statistical associated with congenital anomalies among children P-value 0.001 and <0.001 respectively, moreover age of father and history of previous abortion were factors behind the congenital anomalies P-value 0.033 and 0.017 respectively.

Conclusions: the study concluded that age of mothers and father, weight, and history of previous abortion were factors behind the congenital anomalies. Primary prevention is most important to reduce the......

Psychological Distress in Diabetic and Myocardial Infarction Patients in Erbil City- Comparative Study

Thu, 30 Nov 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Background and Objectives: Psychological distress refers to a range of negative emotional
experiences, such as anxiety, depression, and stress. Diabetes mellitus and myocardial
infarction are two medical conditions that can have a significant impact on an
individual's psychological well-being. Therefore, the study aimed to assess and compare
psychological distress among diabetes mellitus and myocardial infarction patients in Erbil
city.
Methods: A quantitative, comparative study design was conducted on 100 patients
whom 50 of them were diabetes mellitus patients at Layla Qasim Health Center and the
other 50 were myocardial infarction patients at the Cardiac Centre in Erbil city. The data
was collected from 20th April 2022 till 24th May 2023.
Results: The result showed that less than half of myocardial infarction patients were old
adults which is 42% between 57-68 years, married, illiterate and living in urban. On the
other hand, less than half of diabetes mellitus patients were middle-aged adults, which
is 42% between 45-56 years, married illiterate and living in urban. The ranges of the genders
are equal with 50% being male and 50% being female. Also, more than half of myocardial
infarction patients are non-smokers 52%, and 34% are smokers. In contrast, less
than half of diabetes mellitus patients are non-smokers, and 20% are smokers.
Conclusions: The majority of diabetic mellitus patients had a moderate level of depression.
At the same time, anxiety and stress were extremely severe, and most patients
with myocardial infarction had an extremely severe level of depression, anxiety and
stress.